On the server

1. turn on iptables

service iptables start

2. start the sshd service

service sshd start

3. alter the iptables to accept the ssh service

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

4. save the firewall rules

service iptables save

4. restart the sshd service

service sshd restart

5. restart iptables

service iptables restart

6. note the ip address

ifconfig

On the client

1. connect to the server

ssh root@192.168.111.129 (server ip address)

******************************************

RSYSLOG

1. go to log directory

cd /var/log

2. go to conf file

vim /etc/rsyslog.conf

3. add the line

local5.* /var/log/final ---- * is for all the priority (cric, emerg, etc)

4. restart the rsyslog

service rsyslog restart

5. send the message

logger -p local5.emerg "this is an emergency message"

6. go to file and see the message

cat final

-------------------------------------------------

WEB

1. cd /

2. cd var

3.cd wwww

4. cd hmtl

5. file.html

6. service httpd restart

7. then go to browse and put the http://ip address

-----------------------------------------

DHCP

0. read the ip address i.e ifconfig

1.Vmware edit-->virtualedit-->dhcp setting-->select host net -->below niche unchek

2.linux-->network setting -->edit manual -->save

3. stop firewall i.e service iptables stop

4. service dhcpd restart

4. cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

5. yes

6. vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

7. prompt open :enter this :--> subnet ip addrs netmask:255.255.255.0

{

range:192.168.37.150 192.168.37.200;

default-lease-time 600;

max-lease-time 7200;

}

.....client

8. service network restart

9. ifconfig

10. you will see the strating range ip adress

--------------------------------

NFS

..........server.......

1. ping both server and client

2. stop the firewall if ON

3. start nfs :-service nfs start

4. mkdir /foldername_you_want

5. cd /file_name

6. make some file e_g ab.py ,xy.c , pq.java

7. ls

8. vim /etc/exports

9. promt open enter this:- /folder_name *(rw,sync)

10.exportfs -avr

.....client....

11. ping both server and client

12. stop the firewall if ON

13. start nfs :-service nfs start

14. mkdir /foldername_you_want

15. mount -t nfs address_of_server:/sever_foldername you maked /client_folder name you make

16. cd /your folder name

17. ls

--------------------

CRON

1. touch crornfile.txt pro.sh

2. vi pro.sh

3. enter thid:- #!/bin/bash

echo "helo " >> /cronfile.txt

4. crontab -e

5. enter this:- * * * * * /pro.sh

6. chmod u+x pro.sh

7. ./pro.sh

8. cat cronfile.txt

--------------------------------

HARD and SOFT LINK

1. mkdir myfile

2. cd myfile

3. mkdir s1.txt

4. ln -s s1.txt s1copy.txt

5. rm s1.txt

5. mkdir s1.txt

6. ln h1.txt h1copy.txt

7. rm h1.txt

=============================

REPOSITORY MAnagent

0. you have to put the disk file on desktop

1. go to root cd /

2. mkdir filename

2. cd media

4. cd RHEl_6.0*

5. cd packages

6. rpm -ivh createrpm*

7. rpm -ivh pythondelta*

8. rpm -ivh delta*

9. cp * filename

=================================

SAMBA

1. rpm -qa | grep samba

2. adduser sambaUser

3. passwd sambaUSer

4. smbpasswd -a sambaUser //you will see the policy msg comes and last one use add u will see

5. mkdir /merasamba

6. chmod 777 merasamba

7. chcon -t samba_share_t /merasamba

8. vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

9. [merasamba]

comment=merasamba

path=/home/merasamba

public=yes

write list = sambaUser

user list = sambaUserd

10. service smb restart

11. stop firewall

12. GO TO Window ctrl+r //type: \\ip_of_linux\merasamba

******************************************

Here are simplified commands for performing each task in your practical exam:

a. Set up the Linux server with IP 192.168.0.45 and hostname ServerXX (where XX is your roll number).

1. Set IP Address:

ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.45 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

2. Change Hostname:

hostnamectl set-hostname ServerXX

3. Verify Configuration:

ifconfig

hostname

b. Set up the Linux client with IP 192.168.0.24 and hostname ClientXX (where XX is your roll number).

1. Set IP Address:

ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.24 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

2. Change Hostname:

hostnamectl set-hostname ClientXX

3. Verify Configuration:

ifconfig

hostname

c. Restart network services.

1. Restart Network:

systemctl restart network

d. Add a normal user, log in using any server terminal, and return to the GNOME terminal.

1. Create a New User:

useradd newuser

passwd newuser

2. Switch to the New User:

su - newuser

3. Return to GNOME Terminal:

exit

e. Create a folder with your name and give full access on the server.

1. Create the Folder:

mkdir /home/yourname

2. Set Full Permissions:

chmod 777 /home/yourname

f. Create a folder with another name and give read and write access on the client.

1. Create the Folder:

mkdir /home/otherfolder

2. Set Read and Write Permissions:

chmod 666 /home/otherfolder

These commands are straightforward and should help you easily perform each task during your practical exam.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ensure two things before starting:

1.both the machines should be host only for this first switch to server go vm->settings->network adaptor ->select host only .

Do same for the client.

2.go to edit->virtual network editor->change settings ->note the address of the vmnet1 and uncheck both the check boxes.

Now come to the server first double click on the network icon ->edit connection ->delete all the previous connection then click on "add" ->ip v4 settings->select manual as method->click add->enter the first address of the vmnet1 which you have already noted down for eg.if your vmnet1 address is 192.168.252.0 then first address would be 192.168.252.1 .

Enter the gateway same as first address.

Click on apply .

Then check whether that ip has been assigned or not by doing ifconfig .

Now first copy the sample file as:

cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

The open the /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf :

You have to just manipulate the first subnet definition -> your subnet definition should be like this->

subnet 192.168.252.0(this is the address of the vmnet1 in which your server lies) netmask 255.255.255.0{

range 192.168.252.50 192.168.252.200;

default-lease-time 600;

max-lease-time 7200;

}

Now close this file and enter the following commands on server:

service iptables stop

service dhcpd restart

Now come to the client :

Enter two commands:

service network restart

service NetworkManager restart

Any one of the two will work and as I am uncertain about which one works that's why do both sometimes both are useful.

AWP~TYIT~Practicals

IOT TY-IT PRACTICAL

EJAVA-TYIT

ES PRACTICALS CODE

SE DIAGRAMS PRACTICALS

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